The Fact-finding Mission was conceptualized in order to gather first-hand information on the incidents of war in Lanao del Norte, Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, and North Cotabato provinces that were attributed to the non-signing of the Memorandum of Agreement on Ancestral Domain (MOA-AD) between the Government of the Philippines (GRP) and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF). The failure to sign the said agreement was due to the adverse reactions of the people, especially the Christian and Indigenous Peoples communities. The mission also aimed to document and validate cases of human rights violations and atrocities committed by the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) and its para-military forces, and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front.

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